Qualcomm Adreno 642L vs ARM Mali-G52 MP6 vs Qualcomm Adreno 630
Qualcomm Adreno 642L ► remove from comparison
Die Qualcomm Adreno 642L ist eine im Qualcomm Snapdragon 778G eingesetzte, ARM-SoC integrierte Grafikeinheit für Smartphones und Tablets. Der Chip ist ab Anfang 2021 erhältlich und wird hauptsächlich in Android-basierten Geräten der oberen Mittelklasse eingesetzt.
Laut Qualcomm bietet die Adreno 642L GPU eine um 40% höhere Performance als die alte Adreno 620 im Snapdragon 768G (vs 50% im Adreno 642). Dies wird auch durch den schnellen Speicherkontroller mit LPDDR5-Unterstützung ermöglicht.
Für Gaming unterstützt der Chip Variable Rate Shading und Qualcomm Game Quick Touch.
Die Grafikkarte unterstützt OpenCL 2.0 FP, OpenGL ES 3.2 und Vulkan 1.1.
ARM Mali-G52 MP6 ► remove from comparison
Die ARM Mali-G52 MP6 ist eine integrierte Mittelklasse-Grafikeinheit für ARM-SoCs, die erstmals Mitte 2019 im Smartphone- und Tablet-Chip HiSilicon Kirin 810 verbaut wurde.
Die Mali-G52 basiert auf die Bifrost Architektur und wird von ARM als kostengünstige und kleine Grafikkarte für Mainstream Smartphones beworben. Laut ARM ist sie 30 % schneller bei gleicher Fläche und 15 % effizienter als die alte ARM Mali-G51 bei gleicher Kernzahl. Neu ist die INT8-Genauigkeit, wodurch die Machine Learning-Performance um 3,6x schneller sein soll.
Die Leistung ist bei unseren Benchmarks vergleichbar mit der Adreno 618 im Snapdragon 730 bzw auch mit der ARM Mali-G76 MP4 im Helio G90T.
An Grafik-APIs unterstützt die G52 OpenGL ES 3.2, Vulkan 1.0, OpenCL 2.0 und Renderscript.
Qualcomm Adreno 630 ► remove from comparison
Die Qualcomm Adreno 630 ist eine im Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 ARM-SoC integrierte Grafikeinheit für Smartphones und Tablets. Der Chip ist ab Anfang 2018 erhältlich und wird hauptsächlich in Android-basierten High-End Geräten eingesetzt.
Laut Qualcomm bietet die Adreno 630 GPU eine um 30% höhere Performance als die alte Adreno 530 im Snapdrago 835 bei 30% weniger Stromverbrauch.
Qualcomm Adreno 642L ARM Mali-G52 MP6 Qualcomm Adreno 630 Adreno 600 Serie Shared Memory ja nein ja API OpenGL ES 3.2 DirectX 12, OpenGL ES 3.2 Herstellungsprozess 6 nm 12 nm 10 nm Features OpenGL ES 3.2, OpenCL 2.0 FP, DirectX 12, Vulkan 1.1 OpenGL ES 3.2, OpenCL 2.0, DirectX 12 Erscheinungsdatum 07.05.2021 06.03.2018 12.02.2018 Architektur Bifrost Pipelines 6 - unified Herstellerseite developer.arm.com
Benchmarks Performance Rating - 3DMark 11 + Fire Strike + Time Spy - Adreno 642L
0.4 pt (1%)
max:
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Unlimited Graphics
min: 46148 avg: 74921 median: 88482 (9%) max: 90133 Points
min: 45182 avg: 46563 median: 46944 (5%) max: 47563 Points
min: 36810 avg: 78986 median: 81385.5 (8%) max: 85487 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Extreme Graphics
30747 Points (4%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 30747
27848 Points (3%)
3DMark - 3DMark Cloud Gate Score
4790 Points (5%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 4790
3108 Points (3%)
3DMark - 3DMark Cloud Gate Graphics
5577 Points (1%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 5577
6347 Points (2%)
3DMark - 3DMark Fire Strike Standard Score
782 Points (1%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 782
770 Points (1%)
3DMark - 3DMark Fire Strike Standard Graphics
832 Points (1%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 832
821 Points (1%)
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Graphics
37738 Points (4%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 37738
30971 Points (3%)
3DMark - 3DMark Sling Shot (ES 3.0) Unlimited
min: 6398 avg: 6666 median: 6638 (29%) max: 7281 Points
min: 3314 avg: 3463 median: 3483 (15%) max: 3591 Points
min: 4034 avg: 5761 median: 6083 (26%) max: 6568 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Sling Shot (ES 3.0) Unlimited Graphics
min: 7199 avg: 7627 median: 7536 (17%) max: 8605 Points
min: 3274 avg: 3389 median: 3406 (7%) max: 3488 Points
min: 5228 avg: 7671 median: 8245 (18%) max: 8451 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Sling Shot Extreme (ES 3.1) Unlimited
min: 5032 avg: 5413 median: 5393.5 (27%) max: 5763 Points
min: 2515 avg: 2810 median: 2954 (15%) max: 2961 Points
min: 3512 avg: 4589 median: 4765 (24%) max: 5200 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Sling Shot Extreme (ES 3.1) Unlimited Graphics
min: 5103 avg: 5654 median: 5612 (17%) max: 6240 Points
min: 2328 avg: 2626 median: 2752 (8%) max: 2798 Points
min: 4133 avg: 5424 median: 5673 (17%) max: 8206 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Sling Shot (ES 3.0)
min: 6320 avg: 6409 median: 6358 (56%) max: 6798 Points
min: 3252 avg: 3342 median: 3338 (30%) max: 3437 Points
min: 4363 avg: 5811 median: 6118 (54%) max: 6454 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Sling Shot (ES 3.0) Graphics
min: 7138 avg: 7328 median: 7238 (43%) max: 8182 Points
min: 3243 avg: 3318 median: 3327 (20%) max: 3384 Points
min: 5637 avg: 7763 median: 8179 (49%) max: 8312 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Sling Shot Extreme (ES 3.1)
min: 4967 avg: 5076 median: 5031.5 (25%) max: 5385 Points
min: 2502 avg: 2748 median: 2837 (14%) max: 2904 Points
min: 3197 avg: 4388 median: 4617 (23%) max: 4734 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Sling Shot Extreme (ES 3.1) Graphics
min: 5134 avg: 5267 median: 5205 (17%) max: 5807 Points
min: 2347 avg: 2599 median: 2710 (9%) max: 2740 Points
min: 3488 avg: 4919 median: 5158 (17%) max: 5246 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Wild Life Unlimited
min: 2321 avg: 2517 median: 2493.5 (1%) max: 2831 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Wild Life Extreme Unlimited
min: 681 avg: 696 median: 687.5 (1%) max: 768 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Night Raid
2636 Points (2%)
3DMark - 3DMark Night Raid Graphics Score
3037 Points (1%)
3DMark 11 - 3DM11 Performance Score
1038 Points (1%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 1038
3DMark 11 - 3DM11 Performance GPU
968 Points (1%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 968
Cinebench R10 Cinebench R10 Shading (32bit) + Qualcomm Adreno 630 Cinebench R10 - Cinebench R10 Shading (32bit)
257 Points (0%)
Cinebench R15 Cinebench R15 OpenGL 64 Bit + Qualcomm Adreno 642L Cinebench R15 - Cinebench R15 OpenGL 64 Bit
7.2 fps (0%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 7.15
Cinebench R15 OpenGL Ref. Match 64 Bit + Qualcomm Adreno 642L Cinebench R15 - Cinebench R15 OpenGL Ref. Match 64 Bit
98 % (98%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 98
GFXBench - GFXBench 5.0 4K Aztec Ruins High Tier Offscreen
min: 5.9 avg: 6.2 median: 6.1 (2%) max: 6.7 fps
GFXBench - GFXBench 5.0 Aztec Ruins High Tier Offscreen
min: 13 avg: 13.6 median: 13.5 (2%) max: 15 fps
min: 7.7 avg: 7.8 median: 7.8 (1%) max: 7.9 fps
min: 11 avg: 15.6 median: 14 (3%) max: 31 fps
GFXBench - GFXBench 5.0 Aztec Ruins Normal Tier Offscreen
min: 34 avg: 36.4 median: 36 (3%) max: 40 fps
min: 20 avg: 21 median: 21 (2%) max: 22 fps
min: 29 avg: 35.2 median: 37 (3%) max: 38 fps
GFXBench - GFXBench Car Chase Offscreen
min: 33 avg: 33.7 median: 33 (4%) max: 37 fps
min: 19 avg: 20 median: 20 (2%) max: 21 fps
min: 25 avg: 33.4 median: 35 (4%) max: 35 fps
GFXBench 3.1 - GFXBench Manhattan ES 3.1 Offscreen
min: 56 avg: 57.7 median: 57 (1%) max: 64 fps
min: 33 avg: 34 median: 34 (1%) max: 35 fps
min: 20.63 avg: 52.5 median: 58 (1%) max: 61 fps
GFXBench 3.0 - GFXBench 3.0 Manhattan Offscreen
min: 77 avg: 79.1 median: 78 (5%) max: 89 fps
min: 47 avg: 49.3 median: 48 (3%) max: 53 fps
min: 54 avg: 73.1 median: 75 (4%) max: 83 fps
GFXBench (DX / GLBenchmark) 2.7 GFXBench T-Rex HD Offscreen C24Z16 + Qualcomm Adreno 642L GFXBench (DX / GLBenchmark) 2.7 - GFXBench T-Rex HD Offscreen C24Z16
min: 81 avg: 131.6 median: 133 (1%) max: 148 fps
GFXBench T-Rex HD Offscreen C24Z16 + ARM Mali-G52 MP6
min: 85 avg: 87 median: 87 (1%) max: 89 fps
GFXBench T-Rex HD Offscreen C24Z16 + Qualcomm Adreno 630
min: 88.2 avg: 140.2 median: 150 (1%) max: 152 fps
Antutu v9 - AnTuTu v9 GPU
min: 135972 avg: 157798 median: 157454 (20%) max: 175807 Points
Basemark GPU 1.2 - Basemark GPU 1.2 Vulkan Official Medium Offscreen 1080
min: 45.96 avg: 49.6 median: 46.9 (0%) max: 54.4 fps
21.1 fps (0%)
Basemark GPU 1.2 - Basemark GPU 1.2 Vulkan Official High Offscreen 2160
8.6 fps (2%)
LuxMark v2.0 64Bit - LuxMark v2.0 Room GPU
42 Samples/s (0%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 42
LuxMark v2.0 64Bit - LuxMark v2.0 Sala GPU
53 Samples/s (0%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 53
ComputeMark v2.1 - ComputeMark v2.1 Result
944 Points (1%)
Modell CPU GPU RAM Wert Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go SD 7c+ Gen 3 Adreno 642L 4 GB 944
PassMark PerformanceTest Mobile V1 - PerformanceTest Mobile V1 2D Graphics Tests
min: 23666 avg: 31803 median: 30994 (11%) max: 38436 Points
11576 Points (4%)
min: 10791 avg: 11937 median: 11936.5 (4%) max: 13082 Points
PassMark PerformanceTest Mobile V1 - PerformanceTest Mobile V1 3D Graphics Tests
min: 26134 avg: 36660 median: 40236 (67%) max: 43000 Points
3831 Points (6%)
min: 4195 avg: 4225 median: 4225 (7%) max: 4255 Points
Power Consumption - GFXBench Aztec Ruins Normal Tier Offscreen Power Consumption 150cd *
min: 0 avg: 4.3 median: 4 (2%) max: 9.27 Watt
Average Benchmarks Qualcomm Adreno 642L → 100% n=17 Average Benchmarks ARM Mali-G52 MP6 → 51% n=17 Average Benchmarks Qualcomm Adreno 630 → 91% n=17
- Bereich der Benchmarkergebnisse für diese Grafikkarte
- Durchschnittliche Benchmarkergebnisse für diese Grafikkarte
* Smaller numbers mean a higher performance
1 This benchmark is not used for the average calculation
Spiele-Benchmarks Die folgenden Benchmarks basieren auf unseren Spieletests mit Testnotebooks. Die Performance dieser Grafikkarte bei den gelisteten Spielen ist abhängig von der verwendeten CPU, Speicherausstattung, Treiber und auch Betriebssystem. Dadurch müssen die untenstehenden Werte nicht repräsentativ sein. Detaillierte Informationen über das verwendete System sehen Sie nach einem Klick auf den fps-Wert.
100%
Adreno 642L:
59 59 ~ 59 fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
51 60 ~ 56 fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
61 [X] Xiaomi 12 Lite 3.4.0.5930
Qualcomm Snapdragon 778G 5G 1.8GHz
Adreno 642L
min:
57 fps, max:
61 fps
fps
103%
Adreno 630:
60 [X] OnePlus 6 0.5.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
46 fps, max:
60 fps
fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
40 40 ~ 40 fps
100%
Adreno 630:
40 [X] OnePlus 6 0.5.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
36 fps, max:
41 fps
40 [X] Xiaomi Poco F1 0.8.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
11 fps, max:
41 fps
~ 40 fps
79%
Mali-G52 MP6:
30 30 30 ~ 30 fps
95%
Adreno 630:
30 [X] OnePlus 6 0.5.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
27 fps, max:
31 fps
30 [X] HTC U12 Plus 0.5.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
1 fps, max:
41 fps
30 30 35 [X] LG G7 ThinQ 0.5.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
28 fps, max:
42 fps
40 40 40 40 [X] Xiaomi Poco F1 0.8.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
18 fps, max:
41 fps
40 40 [X] LG V40 ThinQ 0.10.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
7 fps, max:
41 fps
~ 36 fps
Adreno 630:
60 [X] HTC U12 Plus 4.10.0.604
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
57 fps, max:
61 fps
fps
Adreno 630:
31 60 60 60 [X] OnePlus 6 1.22.1.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
58 fps, max:
60 fps
60 60 [X] OnePlus 6T 1.25.1.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
58 fps, max:
60 fps
60 60 60 [X] Xiaomi Mi 8 1.27.1.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
56 fps, max:
60 fps
61 ~ 57 fps
Adreno 630:
44 [X] LG G7 ThinQ 1.22.1.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
27 fps, max:
61 fps
58 59 60 60 60 [X] OnePlus 6 1.22.1.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
50 fps, max:
60 fps
60 60 60 60 60 [X] Xiaomi Poco F1 1.24.1.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
34 fps, max:
60 fps
60 [X] OnePlus 6T 1.25.1.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
56 fps, max:
60 fps
60 60 60 [X] Xiaomi Mi 8 1.27.1.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
57 fps, max:
60 fps
61 [X] Asus ROG Phone 1.25.1.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
40 fps, max:
63 fps
~ 59 fps
Adreno 630:
60 60 60 [X] OnePlus 6 1.10.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
18 fps, max:
60 fps
60 [X] OnePlus 6T 1.14.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
59 fps, max:
61 fps
60 ~ 60 fps
Adreno 630:
60 60 60 [X] OnePlus 6 1.10.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
1 fps, max:
60 fps
60 60 60 [X] OnePlus 6T 1.14.2
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
59 fps, max:
61 fps
60 ~ 60 fps
Adreno 630:
60 60 60 60 [X] Razer Phone 2 4.0.21221
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
50 fps, max:
61 fps
~ 60 fps
Adreno 630:
60 60 [X] LG V40 ThinQ 4.2.22023
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
57 fps, max:
61 fps
109 [X] Razer Phone 2 4.0.21221
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
75 fps, max:
121 fps
~ 76 fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
33.7 [X] Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go Qualcomm Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 2.4GHz
Adreno 642L
min:
23.3 fps, max:
-1 fps
fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
25 [X] Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go Qualcomm Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 2.4GHz
Adreno 642L
min:
20.7 fps, max:
-1 fps
fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
14.8 [X] Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go Qualcomm Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 2.4GHz
Adreno 642L
min:
13.5 fps, max:
-1 fps
fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
13 [X] Samsung Galaxy Book2 Go Qualcomm Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 2.4GHz
Adreno 642L
min:
12 fps, max:
-1 fps
fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
30 30 ~ 30 fps
100%
Adreno 630:
29 [X] Xiaomi Mi 8 1.4.1a
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
27 fps, max:
30 fps
30 30 [X] OnePlus 6T 1.1.4a
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
28 fps, max:
31 fps
30 30 ~ 30 fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
30 30 ~ 30 fps
100%
Mali-G52 MP6:
30 30 30 ~ 30 fps
113%
Adreno 630:
30 30 30 [X] OnePlus 6T 1.1.4a
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
27 fps, max:
31 fps
30 30 30 [X] Xiaomi Mi 8 1.4.1a
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
28 fps, max:
30 fps
61 ~ 34 fps
Adreno 630:
60 [X] Razer Phone 2 7.0.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
39 fps, max:
61 fps
fps
Adreno 630:
101 [X] Razer Phone 2 7.0.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
46 fps, max:
121 fps
fps
100%
Adreno 642L:
90 [X] Motorola Edge 30 2.36.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 778G+ 5G 1.9GHz
Adreno 642L
min:
82 fps, max:
91 fps
fps
67%
Adreno 630:
60 [X] Asus ROG Phone 1.95.0
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 2.8GHz
Adreno 630
min:
58 fps, max:
62 fps
fps
Average Gaming Qualcomm Adreno 642L → 100% Average Gaming 30-70 fps → 100%
Average Gaming ARM Mali-G52 MP6 → 90% Average Gaming 30-70 fps → 84%
Average Gaming Qualcomm Adreno 630 → 97% Average Gaming 30-70 fps → 96%
Qualcomm Adreno 642L low med. high ultra QHD 4K Diablo Immortal 59 56 League of Legends: Wild Rift 61 Armajet 89 PUBG Mobile 58 40 38 Dota 2 Reborn 33.7 25 14.8 13 Dead Trigger 2 60 Asphalt 9: Legends 30 30 Subway Surfers 90 < 30 fps < 60 fps < 120 fps ≥ 120 fps 4 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 1
ARM Mali-G52 MP6 low med. high ultra QHD 4K PUBG Mobile 40 40 30 World of Tanks Blitz 60 Asphalt 9: Legends 30 30 < 30 fps < 60 fps < 120 fps ≥ 120 fps 2 1 1 2
v1.28
log 14. 06:36:13
#0 ran 0s before starting gpusingle class +0s ... 0s
#1 checking url part for id 10945 +0s ... 0s
#2 checking url part for id 10362 +0s ... 0s
#3 checking url part for id 8780 +0s ... 0s
#4 redirected to Ajax server, took 1731562568s time from redirect:5 +0s ... 0s
#5 did not recreate cache, as it is less than 5 days old! Created at Wed, 13 Nov 2024 05:16:40 +0100 +0s ... 0s
#6 composed specs +0.004s ... 0.004s
#7 did output specs +0s ... 0.004s
#8 start showIntegratedCPUs +0s ... 0.004s
#9 getting avg benchmarks for device 10945 +0.001s ... 0.005s
#10 got single benchmarks 10945 +0.003s ... 0.008s
#11 getting avg benchmarks for device 10362 +0s ... 0.008s
#12 got single benchmarks 10362 +0s ... 0.009s
#13 getting avg benchmarks for device 8780 +0s ... 0.009s
#14 got single benchmarks 8780 +0.003s ... 0.012s
#15 got avg benchmarks for devices +0s ... 0.012s
#16 min, max, avg, median took s +0.023s ... 0.035s
#17 before gaming benchmark output +0s ... 0.035s
#18 Got 155 rows for game benchmarks. +0.022s ... 0.057s
#19 composed SQL query for gamebenchmarks +0s ... 0.057s
#20 got data and put it in $dataArray +0.001s ... 0.058s
#21 benchmarks composed for output. +0.006s ... 0.064s
#22 calculated avg scores. +0s ... 0.064s
#23 return log +0.001s ... 0.065s
Teilen Sie diesen Artikel, um uns zu unterstützen. Jeder Link hilft!
Autor: Klaus Hinum, 8.09.2017 (Update: 1.07.2023)