Intel Core i7-1265U vs AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 2500U
Intel Core i7-1265U ► remove from comparison
Der Intel Core i7-1265U ist eine High-End Notebook-CPU auf Basis der neuen Alder-Lake-Architektur, die im Januar 2022 vorgestellt wurde. Die CPU basiert auf den Alder Lake-M Chip (für die U-Serie) und bietet 2 Performance Kerne (P-Kerne, Golden Cove Architektur) und 8 Effizienzkerne (E-Kerne, Gracemont Architektur). Die P-Kerne unterstützten Hyperthreading (daher gemeinsam 12 Threads) und takten von 1,8 bis 4,8 GHz. Die E-Kerne takten von 1,3 - 3,6 GHz und sollen eine vergleichbare Performance wie alte Skylake Kerne bieten (z.B. i7-6300HQ ). Der i7-1265U ist die schnellste U-Series-CPU zum Launch mit 15W und bietet "Enterprise" vPro Features.
Performance
Durch die 10 Kerne sollte die Multithread-Leistung deutlich oberhalb der alten 15 Watt 4-Kerner der Tiger Lake Serie liegen (wie z.B. dem i7-1160G7 ). Im Vergleich zu der H-Serie wird bei längerer Last aber der TDP die Leistung limitieren. Bei der Einzelkernperformance sollte der i7 dank der neuen Architektur auch ähnlich hoch getaktete Tiger Lake CPUs abhängen können.
Grafikeinheit
Wie auch der Vorgänger, integriert Intel in Alder Lake eine Intel Xe basierende Grafikeinheit. Beim 1265U sind alle 96 EUs aktiviert und takten mit bis zu 1,25 GHz.
Features
Wie auch Tiger Lake, hat auch Alder-Lake-P WiFi 6E und Thunderbolt 4 (4x) teilintegriert. Der integrierte Speicherkontroller unterstützt DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200, LPDDR5-5200 und LPDDR4x-4267. Der integrierte Gaussian and Neural Accelerator (GNA) ist nun in Version 3.0 verbaut. Die Media Engine Quick Sync 8 ist die selbe wie in Rocket Lake und unterstützt MPEG-2, AVC, VC-1 Decode, JPEG, VP8 Decode, VP9, HEVC und AV1 Decode. Der Chip unterstützt nur PCIe 4.0 (x8 for GPU und zwei x4 für SSDs).
Leistungsaufnahme
Der Intel Core i7-1265U ist mit 15 Watt (PL1) TDP und 55 Watt (PL2) max. Turbo Power angegeben. Gefertigt wird der Prozessor im modernen Intel 7 Prozess (10 nm).
AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 2500U ► remove from comparison
Der AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 2500U ist ein Mobilprozessor für schlanke Notebooks. Technisch ist er identisch zum Consumer Ryzen 5 2500U , jedoch bietet er zusätzliche Sicherheitsfunktionen und längere Garantiezeiten / Verfügbarkeit. Der SoC beinhaltet 4 Zen Kerne (Quad-Core CPU) die von 2 - 3,6 GHz getaktet werden. Der TDP ist konfigurierbar zwischen 12 und 25 Watt (15 Watt nominell) und daher eignet sich die APU auch für schlanke und leichte Notebooks. Der L3-Cache beträgt beim 2500U 4 MB. Weiters ist eine Radeon RX Vega 8 getaufte Grafikkarte mit 8 CUs (512 Shader) integriert. Der integrierte Speichercontroller unterstützt maximal Dual-Channel DDR4-2400.
Detaillierte Informationen über die Raven Ridge APUs finden sie in unserem Launchartikel .
Model Intel Core i7-1265U AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 2500U Series Intel Alder Lake-M AMD Raven Ridge (Ryzen 2000 APU) Codename Alder Lake-U Zen Serie: Raven Ridge (Ryzen 2000 APU) Zen Clock 1300 - 4800 MHz 2000 - 3600 MHz L1 Cache 928 KB 384 KB L2 Cache 9.5 MB 2 MB L3 Cache 12 MB 4 MB Cores / Threads 10 / 12 4 / 8 TDP 15 Watt 15 Watt Technology 10 nm 14 nm max. Temp. 100 °C 105 °C Socket BGA1744 AM4 Features DDR4-3200/LPDDR4x-4266/DDR5-4800/LPDDR5-5200 RAM, PCIe 4, Thr. Dir., DL Boost, GNA, vPro, RPE, MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AVX, AVX2, BMI2, ABM, FMA, ADX, SMEP, SMAP, EIST, TM1, TM2, HT, Turbo, SST, AES-NI, RDRAND, RDSEED, SHA XFR, FMA3, SSE 4.2, AVX2, SMT iGPU Intel Iris Xe Graphics G7 96EUs ( - 1250 MHz)AMD Radeon RX Vega 8 (Ryzen 2000/3000) ( - 1100 MHz)Architecture x86 x86 Announced Manufacturer ark.intel.com www.amd.com Transistors 4500 Million
Benchmarks Performance Rating - CB R15 + R20 + 7-Zip + X265 + Blender + 3DM11 CPU - i7-1265U
35.1 pt (58%)
...
...
max:
Cinebench R23 - Cinebench R23 Multi Core
min: 4332 avg: 7486 median: 8225 (8%) max: 9219 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 92% 48% 100% 77% 98% 89% 96%
Cinebench R23 - Cinebench R23 Single Core
min: 1144 avg: 1595 median: 1679.5 (71%) max: 1820 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 98% 73% 87% 92% 100% 100% 99%
Cinebench R20 - Cinebench R20 CPU (Single Core)
min: 528 avg: 619 median: 642 (71%) max: 701 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 98% 80% 87% 93% 100% 98% 100%
Cinebench R20 - Cinebench R20 CPU (Multi Core)
min: 1669 avg: 2884 median: 3214.5 (8%) max: 3584 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 92% 48% 100% 76% 98% 91% 96%
Cinebench R15 - Cinebench R15 CPU Multi 64 Bit
min: 706 avg: 1244 median: 1344.5 (8%) max: 1572 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 86% 46% 75% 83% 97% 92% 100%
min: 541 avg: 561 median: 553 (3%) max: 589 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 49% 46% 75% 83% 97% 92% 100%
Cinebench R15 - Cinebench R15 CPU Single 64 Bit
min: 165.3 avg: 229.7 median: 240 (67%) max: 260 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 97% 84% 66% 93% 99% 99% 100%
min: 132 avg: 135 median: 134 (38%) max: 139 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 64% 84% 66% 93% 99% 99% 100%
Cinebench R11.5 - Cinebench R11.5 CPU Multi 64 Bit
16.5 Points (21%)
min: 6.04 avg: 6.3 median: 6.1 (8%) max: 6.74 Points
Cinebench R11.5 - Cinebench R11.5 CPU Single 64 Bit
3 Points (71%)
min: 1.5 avg: 1.5 median: 1.6 (37%) max: 1.58 Points
Cinebench R10 - Cinebench R10 Rend. Single (32bit)
8549 Points (52%)
min: 4204 avg: 4312 median: 4349 (26%) max: 4382 Points
Cinebench R10 - Cinebench R10 Rend. Multi (32bit)
38152 Points (28%)
min: 12294 avg: 14380 median: 14336 (10%) max: 16509 Points
Cinebench R10 - Cinebench R10 Rend. Multi (64bit)
60266 Points (38%)
min: 20209 avg: 20660 median: 20659.5 (13%) max: 21110 Points
Cinebench R10 - Cinebench R10 Rend. Single (64bit)
13904 Points (17%)
min: 6921 avg: 7052 median: 7052 (9%) max: 7183 Points
wPrime 2.10 - wPrime 2.0 1024m *
217.4 s (3%)
min: 386.4 avg: 386.6 median: 386.6 (5%) max: 386.7 s
wPrime 2.10 - wPrime 2.0 32m *
5.2 s (1%)
min: 12.25 avg: 12.4 median: 12.4 (2%) max: 12.47 s
5960 Points (9%)
min: 2677 avg: 2700 median: 2699.5 (4%) max: 2722 Points
7-Zip 18.03 - 7-Zip 18.03 Multi Thread 4 runs
min: 20087 avg: 32344 median: 34399 (20%) max: 38715 MIPS
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 94% 54% 100% 84% 97% 82% 90%
2794 MIPS (2%)
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 51% 54% 100% 84% 97% 82% 90%
7-Zip 18.03 - 7-Zip 18.03 Single Thread 4 runs
min: 4614 avg: 5198 median: 5285.5 (63%) max: 5617 MIPS
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 95% 87% 82% 91% 96% 100% 100%
4102 MIPS (49%)
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 84% 87% 82% 91% 96% 100% 100%
X264 HD Benchmark 4.0 - x264 Pass 2
81 fps (27%)
min: 32.42 avg: 33.9 median: 33.9 (11%) max: 35.4 fps
X264 HD Benchmark 4.0 - x264 Pass 1
265.5 fps (61%)
min: 68.4 avg: 97.7 median: 97.7 (23%) max: 127 fps
HWBOT x265 Benchmark v2.2 - HWBOT x265 4k Preset
min: 5.09 avg: 8.6 median: 9.2 (16%) max: 10.6 fps
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 94% 51% 88% 82% 100% 91% 93%
3 fps (5%)
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 62% 51% 88% 82% 100% 91% 93%
TrueCrypt - TrueCrypt Serpent
0.9 GB/s (27%)
min: 0.376 avg: 0.4 median: 0.4 (12%) max: 0.409 GB/s
TrueCrypt - TrueCrypt Twofish
1.6 GB/s (28%)
min: 0.54 avg: 0.6 median: 0.6 (10%) max: 0.662 GB/s
TrueCrypt - TrueCrypt AES
9.7 GB/s (25%)
min: 3.3 avg: 3.4 median: 3.4 (9%) max: 3.5 GB/s
Blender - Blender 3.3 Classroom CPU *
min: 684 avg: 887 median: 834 (11%) max: 1326 Seconds
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 109% 100% 105% 106% 108% 106% 108%
Blender - Blender 2.79 BMW27 CPU *
min: 364 avg: 465.9 median: 423.5 (3%) max: 684 Seconds
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 102% 100% 102% 102% 102% 102% 102%
min: 900 avg: 1007 median: 1007 (7%) max: 1114 Seconds
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 100% 101% 103% 103% 103% 103% 103%
R Benchmark 2.5 - R Benchmark 2.5 *
min: 0.4666 avg: 0.5 median: 0.5 (11%) max: 0.578 sec
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 102% 101% 100% 102% 102% 102% 102%
3DMark 06 - CPU - 3DMark 06 - CPU
min: 7351 avg: 9434 median: 9433.5 (20%) max: 11516 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W 100% 64%
min: 3945 avg: 5161 median: 5635 (12%) max: 5904 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W 92% 100%
Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 1M - Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 1M *
8 s (2%)
min: 12.56 avg: 12.7 median: 12.7 (3%) max: 12.84 s
Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 2M - Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 2M *
17.5 s (1%)
min: 28.85 avg: 29.4 median: 29.3 (1%) max: 29.84 s
Super Pi Mod 1.5 XS 32M - Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 32M *
429.8 s (2%)
min: 714 avg: 729 median: 728.5 (3%) max: 743 s
3DMark Vantage - 3DM Vant. Perf. CPU no Physx
min: 26635 avg: 35503 median: 35502.5 (27%) max: 44370 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W 100% 60%
3DMark 11 - 3DM11 Performance Physics
min: 7560 avg: 11888 median: 11716 (31%) max: 16290 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 100% 50% 49% 74% 90% 87% 77%
min: 5540 avg: 5874 median: 5673 (15%) max: 6608 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 56% 56% 54% 83% 100% 97% 86%
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Physics
63003 Points (51%)
min: 34587 avg: 35370 median: 35245 (29%) max: 36279 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Extreme Physics
63619 Points (52%)
min: 30318 avg: 33819 median: 35419 (29%) max: 35721 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Unlimited Physics
67580 Points (56%)
min: 28138 avg: 29521 median: 29789 (25%) max: 30637 Points
3DMark - 3DMark Cloud Gate Physics
min: 5667 avg: 9450 median: 10255 (26%) max: 12375 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W 100% 54% 46% 79% 91% 93%
min: 3259 avg: 5254 median: 5586.5 (14%) max: 6584 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W 58% 58% 49% 85% 98% 100%
3DMark - 3DMark Fire Strike Standard Physics
min: 8745 avg: 14302 median: 14659 (26%) max: 18414 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 99% 56% 48% 81% 93% 100% 75%
min: 6370 avg: 8014 median: 8405 (15%) max: 8877 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 55% 56% 48% 81% 93% 100% 75%
3DMark - 3DMark Time Spy CPU
min: 3482 avg: 5221 median: 5352.5 (23%) max: 6837 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 93% 53% 55% 80% 100% 80% 79%
min: 1922 avg: 2225 median: 2322 (10%) max: 2432 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 48% 53% 55% 80% 100% 80% 79%
Geekbench 5.5 - Geekbench 5.1 - 5.5 64 Bit Single-Core
min: 1429 avg: 1697 median: 1739.5 (68%) max: 1806 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 95% 100% 79% 89% 98% 99% 96%
887 Points (35%)
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 72% 100% 79% 89% 98% 99% 96%
Geekbench 5.5 - Geekbench 5.1 - 5.5 64 Bit Multi-Core
min: 5022 avg: 7709 median: 8127 (15%) max: 8981 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 100% 61% 91% 96% 98% 79% 99%
3135 Points (6%)
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 69% 62% 92% 97% 99% 80% 100%
Geekbench 5.0 - Geekbench 5.0 64 Bit Single-Core
min: 1489 avg: 1648 median: 1678 (7%) max: 1700 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W 99% 92% 100% 100%
Geekbench 5.0 - Geekbench 5.0 64 Bit Multi-Core
min: 6992 avg: 8211 median: 8305.5 (26%) max: 8917 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W 100% 94% 96% 79%
Geekbench 4.4 - Geekbench 4.1 - 4.4 64 Bit Single-Core
7515 Points (75%)
min: 3353 avg: 3492 median: 3492 (35%) max: 3631 Points
Geekbench 4.4 - Geekbench 4.1 - 4.4 64 Bit Multi-Core
33057 Points (33%)
min: 9096 avg: 9629 median: 9343 (9%) max: 10447 Points
Geekbench 4.0 - Geekbench 4.0 64 Bit Single-Core
min: 3430 avg: 3480 median: 3480 (47%) max: 3530 Points
Geekbench 4.0 - Geekbench 4.0 64 Bit Multi-Core
min: 9398 avg: 9760 median: 9759.5 (24%) max: 10121 Points
Geekbench 3 - Geekbench 3 32 Bit Multi-Core
min: 12111 avg: 12422 median: 12421.5 (22%) max: 12732 Points
Geekbench 3 - Geekbench 3 32 Bit Single-Core
min: 3218 avg: 3326 median: 3326 (65%) max: 3434 Points
Geekbench 3 - Geekbench 3 64 Bit Multi-Core
min: 12561 avg: 12956 median: 12956 (20%) max: 13351 Points
Geekbench 3 - Geekbench 3 64 Bit Single-Core
min: 3486 avg: 3600 median: 3600 (54%) max: 3714 Points
Geekbench 2 - 32 Bit - Geekbench Stream
min: 5889 avg: 6820 median: 6820 (55%) max: 7751 Points
Geekbench 2 - 32 Bit - Geekbench Memory
min: 5363 avg: 6035 median: 6034.5 (55%) max: 6706 Points
Geekbench 2 - 32 Bit - Geekbench Floating Point
min: 16158 avg: 16310 median: 16310 (32%) max: 16462 Points
Geekbench 2 - 32 Bit - Geekbench Integer
min: 10070 avg: 10169 median: 10168.5 (20%) max: 10267 Points
Geekbench 2 - 32 Bit - Geekbench Total Score
min: 10841 avg: 11156 median: 11156 (29%) max: 11471 Points
Mozilla Kraken 1.1 - Kraken 1.1 Total Score *
min: 542 avg: 572 median: 553 (1%) max: 636 ms
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
min: 1376 avg: 1488 median: 1429 (2%) max: 1659 ms
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 100% 101% 101% 101% 101% 101% 101%
Sunspider - Sunspider 1.0 Total Score *
138.1 ms (2%)
Octane V2 - Octane V2 Total Score
min: 68050 avg: 75259 median: 73251 (63%) max: 84477 Points
CPU TDP 12 W TDP 33 W 84% 100%
min: 23903 avg: 24308 median: 24308 (21%) max: 24713 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 33 W 29% 84% 100%
WebXPRT 4 - WebXPRT 4 Score
min: 198.4 avg: 233.9 median: 242.5 (68%) max: 250 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 90% 100% 79% 88% 97% 98% 98%
WebXPRT 3 - WebXPRT 3 Score
min: 221 avg: 268.4 median: 279.5 (58%) max: 288 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 93% 100% 78% 90% 98% 99% 99%
CrossMark - CrossMark Overall
min: 1301 avg: 1540 median: 1593.5 (61%) max: 1623 Points
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W TDP 33 W 96% 100% 80% 94% 99% 91% 98%
Power Consumption - Prime95 Power Consumption - external Monitor *
min: 20.8 avg: 41.8 median: 42.8 (7%) max: 63 Watt
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W 101% 107% 103% 104% 100% 101%
Power Consumption - Cinebench R15 Multi Power Consumption - external Monitor *
min: 25.2 avg: 48.6 median: 49.5 (9%) max: 72.3 Watt
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W 100% 110% 106% 103% 103%
Power Consumption - Idle Power Consumption - external Monitor *
min: 3.54 avg: 6.8 median: 6.5 (4%) max: 12.7 Watt
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W 100% 104% 103% 107% 107%
Power Consumption - Idle Power Consumption 150cd 1min *
min: 3.67 avg: 5 median: 4.6 (5%) max: 6.61 Watt
CPU TDP 15 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W 100% 104% 102%
Power Consumption - Cinebench R15 Multi Power Efficiency - external Monitor
min: 18.3 avg: 25.8 median: 26.1 (19%) max: 30.4 Points per Watt
CPU TDP ? TDP 12 W TDP 20 W TDP 24 W TDP 25 W 65% 96% 100% 92% 89%
Average Benchmarks Intel Core i7-1265U → 100% n=37 Average Benchmarks AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 2500U → 46% n=37
- Bereich der Benchmarkergebnisse für diese Grafikkarte
- Durchschnittliche Benchmarkergebnisse für diese Grafikkarte
* Smaller numbers mean a higher performance
1 This benchmark is not used for the average calculation
v1.28
log 01. 08:29:31
#0 ran 0s before starting gpusingle class +0s ... 0s
#1 checking url part for id 14072 +0s ... 0s
#2 checking url part for id 10130 +0s ... 0s
#3 redirected to Ajax server, took 1730446171s time from redirect:0 +0s ... 0s
#4 did not recreate cache, as it is less than 5 days old! Created at Fri, 01 Nov 2024 05:17:03 +0100 +0s ... 0s
#5 composed specs +0.004s ... 0.004s
#6 did output specs +0s ... 0.004s
#7 getting avg benchmarks for device 14072 +0.002s ... 0.006s
#8 got single benchmarks 14072 +0.002s ... 0.008s
#9 getting avg benchmarks for device 10130 +0.001s ... 0.009s
#10 got single benchmarks 10130 +0.007s ... 0.016s
#11 got avg benchmarks for devices +0s ... 0.016s
#12 min, max, avg, median took s +0.048s ... 0.064s
#13 return log +0.003s ... 0.067s
Teilen Sie diesen Artikel, um uns zu unterstützen. Jeder Link hilft!
Autor: Klaus Hinum, 8.09.2017 (Update: 1.07.2023)